{"id":8205,"date":"2023-02-27T13:07:01","date_gmt":"2023-02-27T12:07:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iqac.csic.es\/nou-metode-per-detectar-virus-darn-com-el-sars-cov-2\/"},"modified":"2026-06-16T10:47:15","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T08:47:15","slug":"nou-metode-per-detectar-virus-darn-com-el-sars-cov-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iqac.csic.es\/ca\/nou-metode-per-detectar-virus-darn-com-el-sars-cov-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Nou m\u00e8tode per detectar virus d\u2019ARN com el SARS-CoV-2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Experts de la <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/web\/portal\/ca\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Universitat de Barcelona<\/a><\/strong>, l\u2019<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iqac.csic.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Institut de Qu\u00edmica Avan\u00e7ada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC)<\/a><\/strong>, l\u2019<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.imb-cnm.csic.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Institut de Microelectr\u00f2nica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM-CSIC)<\/a><\/strong> i l\u2019<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/inma.unizar-csic.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Institut de Nanoci\u00e8ncia i Materials de l\u2019Arag\u00f3 (INMA)<\/a><\/strong> \u2014un institut mixt del CSIC i la Universitat de Saragossa (UNIZAR)\u2014 han desenvolupat un m\u00e8tode per detectar ARN virals que es basa en la tecnologia d\u2019\u00fas de sondes formadores d\u2019estructures tr\u00edplex. Aquesta innovadora metodologia obre noves opcions per detectar virus com ara el SARS-CoV-2, el virus de la grip A (H1N1) o el virus sincicial respiratori (VSR), un patogen que afecta nounats i que exigeix un atent diagn\u00f2stic diferencial.<\/p>\n<p>Aquest treball interdisciplinari, publicat a la revista <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/23\/15258\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>International Journal of Molecular Sciences<\/em><\/a>, el lideren Carlos J. Ciudad i Ver\u00f3nica No\u00e9, de la Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia i Ci\u00e8ncies de l\u2019Alimentaci\u00f3 i l\u2019Institut de Nanoci\u00e8ncia i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB) de la UB; Ram\u00f3n Eritja, Anna Avi\u00f1\u00f3, Llu\u00efsa Vilaplana i M. Pilar Marco, de l\u2019IQAC-CSIC i el CIBER de Bioenginyeria, Biomaterials i Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Manuel Guti\u00e9rrez, Antoni Baldi i C\u00e9sar Fern\u00e1ndez, de l\u2019IMB-CNM-CSIC, i Valeria Grazu i Jes\u00fas Mart\u00ednez, investigadors del CSIC a l\u2019Institut de Nanoci\u00e8ncies i Materials de l\u2019Arag\u00f3 INMA (CSIC-UNIZAR) i del CIBER-BBN.<\/p>\n<p>Aquest treball de recerca es va dur a terme en el marc del projecte POC4CoV, liderat per M. Pilar Marco i C\u00e9sar Fern\u00e1ndez i finan\u00e7at a trav\u00e9s de Salud Global, una plataforma tem\u00e0tica interdisciplin\u00e0ria del CSIC. Posteriorment, la recerca ha continuat com a part d\u2019un projecte finan\u00e7at per La Marat\u00f3 de TV3 de 2020 per lluitar contra la COVID-19, en qu\u00e8 tamb\u00e9 participen experts de la Facultat de Qu\u00edmica de la UB.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Pinces de polipurines per capturar l\u2019ARN viral<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>La nova metodologia es basa en la capacitat de les pinces de polipurines (PPRH) \u2014dissenyades pel Grup de Ter\u00e0pia en C\u00e0ncer de la UB\u2014 per capturar l\u2019ARN viral i formar un tr\u00edplex d\u2019alta afinitat. Quan aquesta estructura h\u00edbrida es connecta amb una sonda molecular i es posa en contacte amb la mostra del pacient afectat, s\u2019obt\u00e9 un senyal de detecci\u00f3 de l\u2019agent viral. El m\u00e8tode presentat ara en la publicaci\u00f3 cient\u00edfica s\u2019ha denominat Triplex Enhanced Nucleic Acid Detection Assay (TENADA).<\/p>\n<p>\u00abLes PPRH s\u00f3n forquetes d\u2019ADN d\u2019una sola cadena no modificat que estan formades per dos dominis especulars de polipurines antiparal\u00b7leles. Aquests dominis, connectats entre ells per un bucle de timidina, s\u2019uneixen per enlla\u00e7os intramoleculars de Hoogsteen inversos. Les pinces moleculars poden unir-se de forma espec\u00edfica a seq\u00fc\u00e8ncies de polipirimidines en virus d\u2019ADN monocatenari (ssADN), bicatenari (dsADN) o ARN mitjan\u00e7ant enlla\u00e7os de Watson-Crick, i formen aix\u00ed un tr\u00edplex antiparal\u00b7lel\u00bb, detalla el catedr\u00e0tic Carlos J. Ciudad, del Departament de Bioqu\u00edmica i Fisiologia de la UB.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Una metodologia efectiva i m\u00e9s r\u00e0pida que la prova PCR<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Entre els avantatges que presenta en la detecci\u00f3 d\u2019ARN v\u00edric, cal destacar que la metodologia de les PPRH es pot aplicar sense la intervenci\u00f3 de la transcriptasa inversa \u2014l\u2019enzim que converteix l\u2019ARN en ADN\u2014 ni del termociclador \u2014l\u2019aparell que amplifica les mostres de material gen\u00e8tic amb la reacci\u00f3 en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR)\u2014. A m\u00e9s, t\u00e9 una sensibilitat i especificitat equivalent a la de la prova PCR i pot aportar resultats en menys d\u2019una hora.<\/p>\n<p>En el marc del treball, l\u2019equip va utilitzar el format d\u2019hibridaci\u00f3 sandvitx en diversos dispositius de biodetecci\u00f3. Aquesta estrat\u00e8gia utilitza dos oligonucle\u00f2tids: una forqueta de PPRH formadora de tr\u00edplex que actua com una sonda de captura i un oligonucle\u00f2tid d\u2019ADN formador de d\u00faplex marcat que actua com una sonda de detecci\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>\u00abLes forquetes de PPRH que formen tr\u00edplex es van dissenyar per unir-se a seq\u00fc\u00e8ncies de polipirimidina del SARS-CoV-2, mentre que les sondes de detecci\u00f3 es van dissenyar com a complement\u00e0ries d\u2019una regi\u00f3 propera al lloc de la diana de les polipirimidines. Aix\u00ed, la pres\u00e8ncia de l\u2019ARN del SARS-CoV-2 es detecta mitjan\u00e7ant la formaci\u00f3 del complex ternari en la superf\u00edcie del biosensor\u00bb, detalla la catedr\u00e0tica Ver\u00f3nica No\u00e9 (UB-IN2UB).<\/p>\n<p>Aquesta metodologia s&#8217;ha implementat en un dispositiu electroqu\u00edmic compacte que integra una cel\u00b7la electroqu\u00edmica de dos el\u00e8ctrodes en un xip \u2014fabricada a la Sala Blanca de Micro i Nanofabricaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;IMB-CNM-CSIC\u2014 i un component flu\u00eddic en paper, i en un sistema de flux lateral t\u00e8rmic implementat en nitrocel\u00b7lulosa i utilitzant nanopart\u00edcules plasm\u00f2niques i paper t\u00e8rmic, i desenvolupat a l&#8217;INMA (CSIC-UNIZAR).<\/p>\n<h4><strong>TENADA: aplicacions en recerca biom\u00e8dica<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>En la bibliografia cient\u00edfica, les PPRH es descriuen com eines de silenciament g\u00e8nic de diversos gens implicats principalment en el c\u00e0ncer. A m\u00e9s, s\u2019han incorporat com a sondes en biosensors per a la detecci\u00f3 de petites mol\u00e8cules d\u2019ARN (miRNA) per determinar l\u2019estat de metilaci\u00f3 de l\u2019ADN i per al diagn\u00f2stic de pneum\u00f2nia causada pel fong <em>Pneumocystis jirovecii<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Ara, la nova metodologia TENADA es revela efica\u00e7 no nom\u00e9s en la detecci\u00f3 de part\u00edcules virals: l\u2019alta afinitat dels PPRH per l\u2019ARN viral \u00e9s una propietat que es pot aplicar per inhibir el proc\u00e9s de replicaci\u00f3 del virus. Per aix\u00f2, ara tamb\u00e9 s\u00f3n objecte d\u2019estudi les propietats antivirals de les pinces de polipurines CC1PPRH i CC2PPRH en c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del llinatge Vero E6 infectades amb virions de SARS-CoV-2.<\/p>\n<p>En paral\u00b7lel, el treball dels diferents grups implicats tamb\u00e9 ha estat la base d\u2019una tecnologia que es va patentar i llicenciar al juliol de 2022 mitjan\u00e7ant la participaci\u00f3 del Centre de Patents de la UB, el CSIC i el CIBER-BBN. Alhora, aquesta patent s\u2019ha llicenciat de manera no exclusiva a l\u2019empresa espanyola Nanoimmunotech a trav\u00e9s de la gesti\u00f3 de la Fundaci\u00f3 Bosch i Gimpera (FBG-UB) en el proc\u00e9s de protecci\u00f3 de la tecnologia i l\u2019acord de llic\u00e8ncia de l\u2019empresa.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 75%;\">Avi\u00f1\u00f3, A.; Cuestas-Ayll\u00f3n, C.; Guti\u00e9rrez-Capit\u00e1n, M.; Vilaplana, L.; Grazu, V.; No\u00e9, V.; Balada, E.; Baldi, A.; F\u00e9lix, A. J.; Aubets, E.; Valiuska, S.; Dom\u00ednguez, A.; Gargallo, R.; Eritja, R.; Marco, M. P.; Fern\u00e1ndez-S\u00e1nchez, C.; Mart\u00ednez de la Fuente, J.; Ciudad, C. J. <strong>Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Virus by Triplex Enhanced Nucleic Acid Detection Assay (TENADA)<\/strong>. <em>International Journal of Molecular Sciences<\/em>, 2022. Doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/23\/15258\">10.3390\/ijms232315258<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>UB Comunicaci\u00f3<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>IQAC-CSIC Comunicaci\u00f3<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Experts de la Universitat de Barcelona, l\u2019Institut de Qu\u00edmica Avan\u00e7ada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), l\u2019Institut de Microelectr\u00f2nica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM-CSIC) i l\u2019Institut de Nanoci\u00e8ncia i Materials de l\u2019Arag\u00f3 (INMA) \u2014un institut mixt del CSIC i la Universitat de Saragossa (UNIZAR)\u2014 han desenvolupat un m\u00e8tode per detectar ARN virals que es basa en la tecnologia d\u2019\u00fas de<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iqac.csic.es\/ca\/nou-metode-per-detectar-virus-darn-com-el-sars-cov-2\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u00abNou m\u00e8tode per detectar virus d\u2019ARN com el SARS-CoV-2\u00bb<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4375,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - 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