{"id":8303,"date":"2025-05-08T13:49:15","date_gmt":"2025-05-08T11:49:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iqac.csic.es\/dissenyat-el-primer-dispositiu-capac-dactivar-un-fotofarmac-per-control-remot\/"},"modified":"2026-06-16T10:47:29","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T08:47:29","slug":"dissenyat-el-primer-dispositiu-capac-dactivar-un-fotofarmac-per-control-remot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iqac.csic.es\/ca\/dissenyat-el-primer-dispositiu-capac-dactivar-un-fotofarmac-per-control-remot\/","title":{"rendered":"Dissenyat el primer dispositiu capa\u00e7 d\u2019activar un fotof\u00e0rmac per control remot"},"content":{"rendered":"

Els fotof\u00e0rmacs s\u00f3n compostos que s\u2019activen quan s\u00f3n irradiats per un feix de llum \u2014dirigit mitjan\u00e7ant una fibra \u00f2ptica\u2014, i generen aix\u00ed un efecte terap\u00e8utic de manera controlada i local sobre els teixits diana. Ara, un equip cient\u00edfic ha impulsat un nou aven\u00e7 en el camp de la fotofarmacologia amb el disseny del primer dispositiu sense fil capa\u00e7 d\u2019activar un fotof\u00e0rmac per control remot i fer que tingui un efecte terap\u00e8utic en \u00f2rgans concrets.<\/p>\n

Aquest nou dispositiu de fotofarmacologia sense fils ha demostrat la seva efic\u00e0cia en el tractament del dolor en un estudi amb una mol\u00e8cula fotosensible derivada de la morfina, un dels opiacis m\u00e9s emprats per la seva gran capacitat analg\u00e8sica.<\/p>\n

El treball, dut a terme amb models animals, obre noves perspectives per al disseny de tractaments analg\u00e8sics m\u00e9s segurs, efica\u00e7os i personalitzables \u2014especialment en el context del dolor cr\u00f2nic\u2014, sense causar els efectes adversos derivats de l\u2019\u00fas d\u2019opiacis (addicci\u00f3, depend\u00e8ncia, etc.).<\/p>\n

Aquesta innovaci\u00f3 en farmacologia l\u2019anuncia ara un article publicat a la revista Biosensors and Bioelectronics<\/em><\/a> que t\u00e9 com a principals autors Francisco Ciruela, catedr\u00e0tic de la Facultat de Medicina i Ci\u00e8ncies de la Salut de la Universitat de Barcelona i membre de l\u2019Institut de Neuroci\u00e8ncies (UBneuro) i de l\u2019Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), i els experts John Rogers, de la Northwestern University (Estats Units), Amadeu Llebaria, de l\u2019Institut de Qu\u00edmica Avan\u00e7ada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), i Jordi Hernando, de la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB).<\/p>\n

Fotofarmacologia: el poder de la llum <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Els fotof\u00e0rmacs s\u00f3n compostos qu\u00edmics inactius fins que se\u2019ls activa amb llum d\u2019una longitud d\u2019ona concreta. Poden actuar amb m\u00e9s precisi\u00f3 espacial i temporal, i sense generar efectes adversos significatius en l\u2019organisme.<\/p>\n

En l\u2019estudi, l\u2019equip va avaluar els efectes de la nova tecnologia sense fils en el tractament del dolor mitjan\u00e7ant l\u2019\u00fas de la morfina fotol\u00e0bil (pc-Mor), que promou l\u2019alliberament de la morfina activa en \u00f2rgans i teixits afectats pel dolor, sense causar efectes secundaris.<\/p>\n

\u00abEl disseny de mol\u00e8cules amb activitat farmacol\u00f2gica depenent de llum es un camp de recerca emergent i que s’espera que pugui tenir aplicacions en els casos en que els f\u00e0rmacs convencionals no ofereixen solucions prou eficaces en el tractament de malalties. Aquesta recerca demostra que l\u2019\u00fas de fotof\u00e0rmacs pot millorar les perspectives en ter\u00e0pies reduint els efectes secundaris i millorant l’efecte terap\u00e8utic\u00bb, explica l\u2019investigador de l\u2019IQAC-CSIC Amadeu Llebaria<\/strong>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u00abQuan el teixit diana s\u2019irradia amb llum de 405 nan\u00f2metres de longitud d\u2019ona, l\u2019enlla\u00e7 fotosensible es trenca i s\u2019allibera la morfina activa en el punt on ha d\u2019actuar. Aix\u00f2 permet una acci\u00f3 farmacol\u00f2gica precisa en l\u2019espai i el temps, \u00e9s a dir, actua nom\u00e9s on i quan es necessita\u00bb, detalla l\u2019expert Francisco Ciruela<\/strong>, de la UB.<\/p>\n

El mateix efecte que la morfina administrada de manera habitual <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Segons les conclusions, l\u2019efecte analg\u00e8sic de la morfina alliberada localment a la medul\u00b7la amb el fotodispositiu \u00e9s comparable al de la morfina administrada per via sist\u00e8mica.<\/p>\n

\u00abAra b\u00e9, la difer\u00e8ncia destacada va ser l\u2019abs\u00e8ncia dels efectes adversos caracter\u00edstics dels opiacis, com la toler\u00e0ncia a l\u2019efecte analg\u00e8sic, el restrenyiment, depend\u00e8ncia i l\u2019addicci\u00f3\u00bb, subratlla l\u2019expert. \u00abSuperar la potencial depend\u00e8ncia i els efectes secundaris associats als opiacis ha estat una de les principals motivacions de la nova aproximaci\u00f3 fotofarmacol\u00f2gica\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Per dur a terme la recerca, l\u2019equip va implantar als models animals un petit dispositiu, de dimensions mil\u00b7lim\u00e8triques, que incorpora un microled com a font de llum per activar la morfina fotol\u00e0bil a la medul\u00b7la espinal i induir els efectes analg\u00e8sics. Aquesta configuraci\u00f3 permet activar el microled de manera programable i modulable per induir el fotoalliberament local de morfina nom\u00e9s a la regi\u00f3 irradiada.<\/p>\n

El dispositiu integra una miniantena de radiofreq\u00fc\u00e8ncia que rep energia, sense fils ni cablejat, mitjan\u00e7ant tecnologia NFC (comunicaci\u00f3 de camp proper) per encendre el microled. Un cop implantat en els models animals, el dispositiu facilita el lliure despla\u00e7ament en l\u2019entorn i elimina les barreres f\u00edsiques que podrien alterar l\u2019efic\u00e0cia terap\u00e8utica del fotof\u00e0rmac. El sistema tamb\u00e9 permet regular la intensitat i la freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de la llum irradiada per millorar el control de les dosis lum\u00edniques i l\u2019efecte farmacol\u00f2gic segons les necessitats terap\u00e8utiques.<\/p>\n

Noves fronteres de la fotofarmacologia sense fils <\/strong><\/h4>\n

M\u00e9s enll\u00e0 del tractament contra el dolor, el nou protocol de fotofarmacologia sense fils, basat en l\u2019alliberament local i controlat de f\u00e0rmacs activables amb llum, tamb\u00e9 podria aplicar-se a diverses patologies. En especial, en el tractament personalitzat de malalties cr\u00f2niques que requereixen una actuaci\u00f3 farmacol\u00f2gica molt precisa o que impliquen riscos associats a efectes adversos sist\u00e8mics.<\/p>\n

\u00abEn el cas de l\u2019epil\u00e8psia, l\u2019alliberament local de f\u00e0rmacs anticonvulsius en regions espec\u00edfiques del cervell podria permetre el control de les crisis sense afectar la resta del sistema nervi\u00f3s central, i evitar aix\u00ed la sedaci\u00f3 i altres efectes secundaris generals\u00bb, indica Ciruela. \u00abEn malalties neurodegeneratives, com la malaltia de Parkinson, es podria utilitzar el fotoalliberament local de f\u00e0rmacs dopamin\u00e8rgics o d\u2019altres moduladors per millorar els s\u00edmptomes motors de manera focal i segura. En trastorns psiqui\u00e0trics com l\u2019esquizofr\u00e8nia, l\u2019activaci\u00f3 amb llum d\u2019antipsic\u00f2tics en \u00e0rees cerebrals espec\u00edfiques podria augmentar l\u2019efic\u00e0cia terap\u00e8utica, reduir els efectes adversos i millorar l\u2019adher\u00e8ncia del pacient al tractament\u00bb.<\/p>\n

En la lluita contra el c\u00e0ncer, el fotoalliberament de quimioter\u00e0pics directament a l\u2019entorn tumoral podria ser una estrat\u00e8gia que permetria garantir una elevada concentraci\u00f3 local del f\u00e0rmac i una menor toxicitat sist\u00e8mica.<\/p>\n

En el futur, la recerca cl\u00ednica en fotofarmacologia afrontar\u00e0 reptes com ara avaluar la biodisponibilitat, l\u2019estabilitat qu\u00edmica i la seguretat dels productes derivats de la fot\u00f2lisi. Des del vessant tecnol\u00f2gic, el desenvolupament i la validaci\u00f3 de dispositius implantables planteja diversos desafiaments, com la biocompatibilitat, la durabilitat, la miniaturitzaci\u00f3, la gesti\u00f3 energ\u00e8tica i la seva integraci\u00f3 funcional al cos hum\u00e0. \u00abDes d\u2019una perspectiva reguladora, aquesta tecnologia requerir\u00e0 tamb\u00e9 una regulaci\u00f3 espec\u00edfica per a productes combinats, ja que integra un f\u00e0rmac amb un dispositiu m\u00e8dic, fet que complica el proc\u00e9s d\u2019aprovaci\u00f3 i supervisi\u00f3 cl\u00ednica\u00bb, conclou l\u2019expert.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Minsung et al. \u00abWireless, battery-free, remote photoactivation of caged-morphine for photopharmacological pain modulation without side effects\u00bb.<\/a> Biosensors and Bioelectronics<\/em>, abril de 2025. DOI: 10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117440.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gabinet de Premsa Universitat de Barcelona<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Els fotof\u00e0rmacs s\u00f3n compostos que s\u2019activen quan s\u00f3n irradiats per un feix de llum \u2014dirigit mitjan\u00e7ant una fibra \u00f2ptica\u2014, i generen aix\u00ed un efecte terap\u00e8utic de manera controlada i local sobre els teixits diana. Ara, un equip cient\u00edfic ha impulsat un nou aven\u00e7 en el camp de la fotofarmacologia amb el disseny del primer dispositiuContinue reading \u00abDissenyat el primer dispositiu capa\u00e7 d\u2019activar un fotof\u00e0rmac per control remot\u00bb<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4525,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDissenyat el primer dispositiu capa\u00e7 d\u2019activar un fotof\u00e0rmac per control remot | IQAC - Institut de Qu\u00edmica Avan\u00e7ada de Catalunya - CSIC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iqac.csic.es\/disenado-el-primer-dispositivo-capaz-de-activar-un-fotofarmaco-por-control-remoto\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dissenyat el primer dispositiu capa\u00e7 d\u2019activar un fotof\u00e0rmac per control remot | IQAC - Institut de Qu\u00edmica Avan\u00e7ada de Catalunya - CSIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Els fotof\u00e0rmacs s\u00f3n compostos que s\u2019activen quan s\u00f3n irradiats per un feix de llum \u2014dirigit mitjan\u00e7ant una fibra \u00f2ptica\u2014, i generen aix\u00ed un efecte terap\u00e8utic de manera controlada i local sobre els teixits diana. 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