{"id":8046,"date":"2026-06-10T08:00:11","date_gmt":"2026-06-10T06:00:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iqac.csic.es\/drug-reduces-the-risk-of-developing-rheumatoid-arthritis-clinical-trial-finds\/"},"modified":"2026-06-16T11:11:25","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T09:11:25","slug":"drug-reduces-the-risk-of-developing-rheumatoid-arthritis-clinical-trial-finds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iqac.csic.es\/en\/drug-reduces-the-risk-of-developing-rheumatoid-arthritis-clinical-trial-finds\/","title":{"rendered":"Drug reduces the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, clinical trial finds"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A clinical trial led by researchers from Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona, the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS) and The Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) has compared the effectiveness of abatacept and hydroxychloroquine in preventing the development of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with palindromic rheumatism, an autoimmune disease that progresses to arthritis in approximately half of all patients. The trial was conducted over two years across 14 hospitals throughout Spain and involved 70 patients with palindromic rheumatism. The findings, published in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41591-026-04395-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Nature Medicine<\/em><\/a>, indicate that abatacept is significantly more effective than hydroxychloroquine in preventing the onset of arthritis.<\/p>\n<p>Palindromic rheumatism is characterised by intermittent episodes of joint inflammation, with acute flare-ups lasting a few days and resolving spontaneously. However, around half of patients eventually develop rheumatoid arthritis, a chronic disease that causes irreversible joint damage. This risk is particularly high in individuals with biomarkers such as rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies. The presence of these two autoantibodies\u2014proteins of the immune system that mistakenly attack the body\u2019s own organs and tissues\u2014is used in the diagnosis of the disease.<\/p>\n<p>Until now, in the absence of clinical trial evidence, the standard approach has been to treat patients with palindromic rheumatism using hydroxychloroquine, a drug with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties aimed at improving disease symptoms. In this context, the team led by <strong>Raimon Sanmart\u00ed<\/strong>, head of the Inflammatory Arthropathies Research Group at IDIBAPS, conducted a two-year clinical trial involving 70 patients with palindromic rheumatism. The objective was to compare the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine with abatacept, a lymphocyte inhibitor\u2014a type of white blood cell that attacks the joints after mistakenly identifying them as a threat\u2014in reducing progression from palindromic rheumatism to rheumatoid arthritis<\/p>\n<p>The results show that treatment with abatacept significantly reduces progression to rheumatoid arthritis. Only 20% of patients receiving abatacept developed arthritis, compared with 50% of those treated with hydroxychloroquine. Furthermore, patients treated with abatacept not only avoided progression to rheumatoid arthritis in most cases, but also experienced a significant improvement in palindromic rheumatism symptoms. \u201cThe study shows that patients treated with abatacept are more likely to achieve complete remission of attacks associated with acute pain and joint swelling, and that their inflammatory episodes are less severe,\u201d explains <strong>Isabel Haro<\/strong>, Head of the Peptide Synthesis and Biomedical Applications Unit at IQAC-CSIC. The research team also highlights that both drugs proved safe and well tolerated throughout the trial.<\/p>\n<h4>Early intervention<\/h4>\n<p>\u201cThe results of this study indicate that we can intervene at an early stage to modify the natural course of the disease and reduce the risk of patients developing more severe and irreversible conditions,\u201d says Sanmart\u00ed. \u201cThis opens the door to a paradigm shift in the treatment of these patients.\u201d<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The study, which involved several national research centres, also analysed the evolution of a number of biomarkers (autoantibodies) developed by the CSIC research group during patient follow-up. \u201cAlthough no significant differences were observed between abatacept and hydroxychloroquine in terms of autoantibody responses, this work demonstrates the value of immunomodulatory approaches in the early stages of disease, when it is still possible to prevent progression to more severe and chronic forms,\u201d notes Haro.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease that significantly affects patients\u2019 quality of life and places a considerable burden on healthcare systems. Preventing its development in a substantial proportion of cases represents an important advance in the management of rheumatic diseases.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 75%;\">Raimon Sanmarti, Carolina P\u00e9rez-Garc\u00eda, Francisco J. de-Toro, Georgina Salvador, Alejandro Escudero Contreras, Andrea Cuervo, Eduard Graell, Delia Reina, Eduardo Kanterewicz et al. <strong>Abatacept versus hydroxychloroquine for prevention of rheumatoid arthritis in individuals with palindromic rheumatism: a randomized open-label trial<\/strong>. <em>Nature Medicine<\/em>. DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41591-026-04395-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-026-04395-6<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>IQAC-CSIC Communication<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A clinical trial led by researchers from Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona, the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS) and The Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) has compared the effectiveness of abatacept and hydroxychloroquine in preventing the development of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with palindromic rheumatism, an autoimmune disease that progresses to<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iqac.csic.es\/en\/drug-reduces-the-risk-of-developing-rheumatoid-arthritis-clinical-trial-finds\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">&#8220;Drug reduces the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, clinical trial finds&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4134,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - 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